Power Date Report #1: Google data center campus, Botetourt County, Virginia
Issued: 24 October 2026 · Version: 1 · Next review: after 2 December 2026 (comment and hearing-request deadline)
The answer
| Date | |
|---|---|
| Utility's target in-service date | 15 November 2029 |
| Our power date (median) | February 2030 |
| Early case (10% chance of being ready by then) | November 2029, on time |
| Late case (90% chance of being ready by then) | June-August 2031 |
What this date means: the month when Appalachian Power's new lines and substations can deliver the full ~300 MW to the campus. It does not include delays on the customer's own site.
1. The project
A new data center campus at the Botetourt Center at Greenfield, near Daleville, has asked Appalachian Power (APCo) for about 300 MW at 138 kV [3][4]. The filing names only "a customer"; news reports identify it as Google [8]. The existing local grid can't carry that load, so APCo has applied to the Virginia State Corporation Commission (SCC) for the Daleville Area Transmission Improvements Project (case PUR-2026-00132) [1][2]. It covers:
- about 19.5 miles of existing lines rebuilt or re-wired, mostly upgraded from 69 kV to 138 kV;
- a new Windy Pass 138-kV substation, plus upgrades at four existing substations;
- two new parallel 1.3-mile feeder lines into the campus.
Estimated cost is $264 million ($143M for substations, $121M for lines), paid by the customer [2, p.4].
2. Where it stands
| Date | Step | Status |
|---|---|---|
| 15 May 2026 | Need presented to PJM stakeholders (supplemental project) | Done [4] |
| 4 Sep 2026 | Application filed with the SCC | Done [1] |
| 7 Oct 2026 | SCC Order for Notice and Comment. No hearing scheduled. | Done [2] |
| 2 Dec 2026 | Deadline for comments, notices of participation and hearing requests | Upcoming |
| 27 Jan 2027 | SCC Staff Report due | Upcoming |
| 10 Feb 2027 | APCo rebuttal due | Upcoming |
| Spring-summer 2027 | SCC final order (APCo expects "summer 2027") | Forecast below [5] |
| Fall 2027 | Clearing, substation and line construction begin (APCo plan) | Planned [5] |
| 15 Nov 2029 | In service (APCo target) | Planned [2, p.4] |
APCo says it needs "approximately two years after entry of the Commission's final approving order" to engineer, buy equipment and build, and it has asked the SCC to expedite its review [3, pp.xv-xvi].
3. How we got our date
We compared Daleville with 38 past Virginia SCC transmission cases (2018-2025; 7 APCo, 31 Dominion). For each one we recorded when it was filed, when it was approved, the in-service date it promised, and when it actually entered service (or its latest projected date in PJM's records) [6][7].
Step 1: approval. The SCC put Daleville on the faster notice-and-comment path, without a hearing. Comparable cases got a final order a median 1.3 months after the Staff Report (range 0.8-3.3). Daleville is larger and more complex than those cases, so we lean later: final order around April 2027 (March-May). If a hearing is requested and granted, cases with hearings took a median 8.8 months from filing, which puts approval around August 2027.
Step 2: build time. Utilities promise a median 25.6 months after approval, and finished projects actually took a median 24.9 months. APCo's "about two years" is normal. With an April 2027 order, its November 2029 date has about 7 months of cushion.
Step 3: slip. This is where data center projects differ. Of 9 mature data center cases, 7 finished late, by a median of 17 months. Only 2 of 9 reliability rebuilds were late. In 3 of those 7, though, the customer's own site caused the delay. Counting only utility-side delays, customer-driven projects slipped a median +1.9 months, with a 90th percentile of +19 months. We then adjust later for two Daleville-specific facts:
- Its work is mostly rebuilding lines that must stay energized, which needs many planned outages. That's what slowed APCo's Fieldale-Ridgeway rebuild by about 18 months.
- APCo's recent projects (Fieldale-Ridgeway, Stuart, Abingdon) are all running behind their promised dates.
Result: a median of February 2030, an early case of November 2029 and a late case of mid-2031.
4. What could move the date
Later, roughly in order of how often it caused delays in our sample:
- Outage scheduling. PJM-approved outages are limited to low-demand seasons, so missing a window can cost months. It appeared in 4 extension motions.
- Equipment supply. Transformers and breakers have long lead times. It appeared in 3 motions.
- A hearing. A request filed by 2 December 2026 and granted would add about 3 months to approval. The cushion absorbs part of that.
- Land rights. The Windy Pass site is on property still to be purchased, and the feeders run on customer land. Land issues appeared in 5 motions.
- The route. It crosses the Appalachian Trail four times, plus I-81 and the Norfolk Southern railway twice each [2, pp.10-12].
Earlier: a quick final order (February-March 2027) plus on-time construction would let APCo deliver before its target. However, none of the 12 customer-driven projects in our sample finished meaningfully early.
5. Signposts we are watching
| When | Signal | Effect on the forecast |
|---|---|---|
| By 2 Dec 2026 | Hearing request filed? | If a hearing is granted, the median moves about 3 months later |
| 27 Jan 2027 | Staff Report: support, conditions, any schedule concerns | Narrows the approval estimate |
| 2027 | Final order date | Resets Step 1 |
| When assigned | PJM supplemental project ID and projected date | A direct utility schedule signal |
| Fall 2027 | Construction actually starts | If it starts late, the forecast moves later |
| Any time | An APCo motion to extend the in-service deadline | Strongest warning sign |
6. Track record
This forecast is dated and will be graded against the actual in-service date. Updates will be issued as new versions, and earlier versions stay published unchanged.
Sources
- SCC DocketSearch, case PUR-2026-00132: https://www.scc.virginia.gov/docketsearch#/caseDetails/147168
- SCC Order for Notice and Comment, 7 Oct 2026: https://www.scc.virginia.gov/docketsearch/DOCS/8f1801%21.PDF
- APCo Application, Vol. 1 (Application, Response to Guidelines and Exhibits), pp. xv-xvi and Sec. II.B.10: https://www.scc.virginia.gov/docketsearch/DOCS/8%23gw01%21.PDF
- Direct Testimony of N. C. Koehler, P.E. (300 MW; PJM Attachment M-3, 15 May 2026): https://www.scc.virginia.gov/docketsearch/DOCS/8%23gx01%21.PDF
- APCo project page and fact sheet: https://aeptransmission.com/Virginia/DalevilleArea/
- powerdate comparables study (38 cases, sourced row by row):
data/comparables.csv,research/comparables-findings.md - PJM Project Status and Cost Allocation: https://www.pjm.com/planning/m/project-construction
- Cardinal News, 16 Sep 2026: https://cardinalnews.org/2026/09/16/new-details-emerge-about-botetourt-grid-upgrades-for-google-data-center/
This forecast is based only on public information. It is not investment advice.